Dev Time Stats

Dev Time benchmarks use starter projects; see the Dev Time methodology for setup details.

Dependency Counts

Methodology: Dependency Counts.

Measuring a meta-framework’s dependencies isn’t as straightforward as you might think. You could:

• Measure just the meta-framework package itself
• Maybe a full project setup

Both approaches have flaws. Some meta-frameworks need many other packages to work. A full project setup can include more packages than necessary.

To provide a clearer picture, we run the dependency-count tests three times, starting small and expanding in scope. In this order, we:

1. Start with the meta-framework package itself, for example, @sveltejs/kit
2. We then expand this to the meta-framework and its first-party packages. Looking at @sveltejs/kit again, this means any package maintained by the meta-framework authors that’s needed to run a project, for example, the svelte package.
3. Finally, we count the dependencies for the entire starter-* project. Their CLI or documentation recommends this setup by default, so this is the default most people will start with.

Core Package Dependencies

The meta-framework package itself, for example, @sveltejs/kit.

Framework	Deps	Dev	Prod	Graph
Astro	77	25	52	View
Next.js	6	0	6	View
Nuxt	79	13	66	View
Pracht	5	2	3	View
React Router	47	24	23	View
SolidStart	29	5	24	View
Solid 2.0	4	0	4	View
SvelteKit	23	15	8	View
TanStack Start	23	14	9	View

ComparisonOver time

Core Package Dependencies

Core Package Dependencies data

Framework	Dependency count
Solid 2.0	4
Pracht	5
Next.js	6
SvelteKit	23
TanStack Start	23
SolidStart	29
React Router	47
Astro	77
Nuxt	79

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

ComparisonOver time

Core Package Development Dependencies

Core Package Development Dependencies data

Framework	Dependency count
Next.js	0
Solid 2.0	0
Pracht	2
SolidStart	5
Nuxt	13
TanStack Start	14
SvelteKit	15
React Router	24
Astro	25

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

ComparisonOver time

Core Package Production Dependencies

Core Package Production Dependencies data

Framework	Dependency count
Pracht	3
Solid 2.0	4
Next.js	6
SvelteKit	8
TanStack Start	9
React Router	23
SolidStart	24
Astro	52
Nuxt	66

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

First-Party Package Dependencies

Looking at a meta-framework’s first-party packages. For @sveltejs/kit, this means packages maintained by the meta-framework authors that are needed to run a project, for example, svelte.

Framework	Deps Dev / Prod	All Deps	Dup. Deps	Graph
Astro	1 / 1	333	14	View
Next.js	1 / 1	388	12	View
Nuxt	0 / 1	634	76	View
Pracht	2 / 2	218	4	View
React Router	1 / 3	226	5	View
SolidStart	0 / 4	212	6	View
Solid 2.0	4 / 4	261	12	View
SvelteKit	5 / 0	108	1	View
TanStack Start	1 / 7	194	3	View

ComparisonOver time

First-Party Dependencies

First-Party Dependencies data

Framework	Dependency count
SvelteKit	108
TanStack Start	194
SolidStart	212
Pracht	218
React Router	226
Solid 2.0	261
Astro	333
Next.js	388
Nuxt	634

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

ComparisonOver time

First-Party Development Dependencies

First-Party Development Dependencies data

Framework	Dependency count
Nuxt	0
SolidStart	0
Astro	1
Next.js	1
React Router	1
TanStack Start	1
Pracht	2
Solid 2.0	4
SvelteKit	5

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

ComparisonOver time

First-Party Production Dependencies

First-Party Production Dependencies data

Framework	Dependency count
SvelteKit	0
Astro	1
Next.js	1
Nuxt	1
Pracht	2
React Router	3
Solid 2.0	4
SolidStart	4
TanStack Start	7

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

ComparisonOver time

First-Party Duplicate Dependencies

First-Party Duplicate Dependencies data

Framework	Dependency count
SvelteKit	1
TanStack Start	3
Pracht	4
React Router	5
SolidStart	6
Next.js	12
Solid 2.0	12
Astro	14
Nuxt	76

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Starter Project Dependencies

Finally, we look at the complete dependency footprint of the default starter project, including third-party packages selected by its CLI or documented setup.

Framework	Deps Dev / Prod	All Deps	Dup. Deps	node_modules	Dep Install Size	Graph
Astro	2 / 1	333	14	204.21MB	172.07MB	View
Next.js	6 / 3	424	12	463.42MB	405.08MB	View
Nuxt	3 / 3	634	76	246.12MB	213.96MB	View
Pracht	6 / 2	239	4	132.55MB	109.29MB	View
React Router	9 / 6	249	5	109.34MB	103.24MB	View
SolidStart	1 / 6	261	23	149.16MB	125.07MB	View
Solid 2.0	11 / 4	370	17	181.84MB	154.92MB	View
SvelteKit	8 / 0	108	1	88.32MB	92.09MB	View
TanStack Start	12 / 14	330	37	274.09MB	230.99MB	View

ComparisonOver time

Starter Project · Development Dependencies

Starter Project · Development Dependencies data

Framework	Dependencies
SolidStart	1
Astro	2
Nuxt	3
Next.js	6
Pracht	6
SvelteKit	8
React Router	9
Solid 2.0	11
TanStack Start	12

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

ComparisonOver time

Starter Project · Production Dependencies

Starter Project · Production Dependencies data

Framework	Dependencies
SvelteKit	0
Astro	1
Pracht	2
Next.js	3
Nuxt	3
Solid 2.0	4
React Router	6
SolidStart	6
TanStack Start	14

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

ComparisonOver time

Starter Project · Duplicate Dependencies

Starter Project · Duplicate Dependencies data

Framework	Duplicates
SvelteKit	1
Pracht	4
React Router	5
Next.js	12
Astro	14
Solid 2.0	17
SolidStart	23
TanStack Start	37
Nuxt	76

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Node Modules Size

Methodology: Node Modules Size.

ComparisonOver time

Node Modules Size

Node Modules Size data

Framework	MB
SvelteKit	88.32 MB
React Router	109.34 MB
Pracht	132.55 MB
SolidStart	149.16 MB
Solid 2.0	181.84 MB
Astro	204.21 MB
Nuxt	246.12 MB
TanStack Start	274.09 MB
Next.js	463.42 MB

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Build and Install Times

Methodology: Build and Install Times.

Framework	Median Install	Min Install	Max Install	Median Cold Build	Median Warm Build
Astro	4.60s	2.12s	4.79s	0.90s	0.89s
Next.js	5.90s	2.61s	6.07s	5.43s	2.33s
Nuxt	5.45s	3.16s	5.73s	4.42s	4.07s
Pracht	2.06s	1.57s	2.34s	0.70s	0.68s
React Router	1.46s	1.18s	1.57s	1.75s	1.74s
SolidStart	1.77s	1.46s	2.36s	3.19s	3.05s
Solid 2.0	2.41s	1.68s	3.19s	0.79s	0.73s
SvelteKit	1.39s	1.33s	1.73s	1.91s	1.72s
TanStack Start	5.18s	2.00s	5.62s	2.17s	1.86s

ComparisonVarianceOver time

Median Install Time

Median Install Time data

Framework	Seconds
SvelteKit	1.39s
React Router	1.46s
SolidStart	1.77s
Pracht	2.06s
Solid 2.0	2.41s
Astro	4.60s
TanStack Start	5.18s
Nuxt	5.45s
Next.js	5.90s

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

ComparisonVarianceOver time

Median Cold Build Time

Median Cold Build Time data

Framework	Seconds
Pracht	0.70s
Solid 2.0	0.79s
Astro	0.90s
React Router	1.75s
SvelteKit	1.91s
TanStack Start	2.17s
SolidStart	3.19s
Nuxt	4.42s
Next.js	5.43s

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

ComparisonVarianceOver time

Median Warm Build Time

Median Warm Build Time data

Framework	Seconds
Pracht	0.68s
Solid 2.0	0.73s
Astro	0.89s
SvelteKit	1.72s
React Router	1.74s
TanStack Start	1.86s
Next.js	2.33s
SolidStart	3.05s
Nuxt	4.07s

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Dev Server Startup

Methodology: Dev Server Startup.

Framework	Median Start	Min Start	Max Start
Astro	1.49s	1.48s	1.54s
Next.js	2.05s	1.90s	2.08s
Nuxt	2.50s	2.47s	2.60s
Pracht	1.03s	0.97s	1.08s
React Router	0.97s	0.95s	1.00s
SolidStart	2.66s	2.59s	2.70s
Solid 2.0	1.06s	1.00s	1.13s
SvelteKit	1.38s	1.30s	1.41s
TanStack Start	1.98s	1.85s	1.99s

ComparisonVarianceOver time

Median Dev Server Startup Time

Median Dev Server Startup Time data

Framework	Seconds
React Router	0.97s
Pracht	1.03s
Solid 2.0	1.06s
SvelteKit	1.38s
Astro	1.49s
TanStack Start	1.98s
Next.js	2.05s
Nuxt	2.50s
SolidStart	2.66s

The chart includes a dotted median reference line calculated from the visible framework values.

Core-JS Polyfills

Methodology: Core-JS Polyfills.

Framework	Core-JS detected	Matching JS files	Modules not needed by target browsers
Astro	No	—	—
Next.js	Yes	110.0 KB	302
Nuxt	No	—	—
Pracht	No	—	—
React Router	No	—	—
SolidStart	No	—	—
Solid 2.0	No	—	—
SvelteKit	No	—	—
TanStack Start	No	—	—

Browser Baseline

Methodology: Browser Baseline.

Framework	Baseline	Feature	Year	Features
Astro	—	—	—	0
Next.js	High	—	2022	47
Nuxt	High	—	2023	42
Pracht	High	—	2020	37
React Router	High	—	2022	44
SolidStart	High	—	2020	31
Solid 2.0	High	—	2020	35
SvelteKit	High	—	2021	47
TanStack Start	High	—	2022	48

Minimum Node Version

Methodology: Minimum Node Version.

Framework	Min Node	Set by
Astro	v22.23.4	@astrojs/prism, @astrojs/telemetry, astro
Next.js	v20.19.0	eslint-visitor-keys
Nuxt	v22.22.3	@nuxt/nitro-server, @nuxt/vite-builder, @nuxt/vite-server, cssnano, nuxt, postcss-calc
Pracht	v22.18.0	@pracht/adapter-node, @pracht/capabilities, @pracht/cli, @pracht/core, @pracht/preact-ssr-precompile, @pracht/vite-plugin
React Router	v22.22.0	@react-router/dev, @react-router/express, @react-router/node, @react-router/serve, react-router
SolidStart	v24.0.0	@solidjs/start, starter-solid-start
Solid 2.0	v22.13.0	—
SvelteKit	v22.17.0	@sveltejs/kit
TanStack Start	v22.22.2	@asamuzakjp/css-color, @asamuzakjp/dom-selector, jsdom, w3c-xmlserializer